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Zverev V.P., Kostikova I. A.

Sedimentary waters of the Caspian Depression (masses and fluxes)

Zverev V.P., Kostikova I. A.
Sedimentary waters of the Caspian Depression (masses and fluxes) - M.: Scientific peace, 2008. - 138 p.
Silt. 20, Tab. 23, Bibl. 80.
On an example of the Caspian depression the quantitative estimation of sedimentary waters masses and mass fluxes of recent midland sedimentary basin for the first time is given. It is shown, that for 400 million years of evolution in his limits it was accumulated more than 4*10²¹ g the free and physically connected waters, which most part <3.3*10²¹g) it was returned back in development of basin. At the present stage the sedimentary cover of the Caspian depression contains 0.74*10²¹ g, that almost on the order exceeds masses of water in Caspian Sea. For the first time, on an example of a megadepression of the Caspian sedimentary basin, it is executed a comparative estimation natural sedimentary waters mass fluxes and products mudvolcanics (mineral matter, subsurface waters and gases), with anthropogenous mass fluxes extracted petroleum and gas which has shown, that the quantity characteristic discharge of sedimentary waters (138*10¹² g/year) and extraction of hydrocarbons (~60*10¹² g/year) in the Caspian basin are within the limits of one order and are close enough, and mass fluxes mudvolcanics products on the order it is less.
For wide rond of geologists: hydrogeologists, lithologists, geochemists, geoecologists etc.

	Introduction	9
Chapter 1	Geological and hydrogeological peculiarity of sedimentary basin	11
	Geological structure	11
	Hydrogeological conditions	12
	Forms of water in deposits, her properties and mobility	13
	Features of deep fluids hydrogeodynamic	19
	Composition of sedimentary waters	26
Chapter 2	Environment and a history of development of the Caspian depression	33
	Caspian waters mass	33
	Change of a level of Caspian Sea	36
	Geological structure of the Caspian depression	40
	Evolution of the Caspian depression	49
	Oil and Gas potential of the Caspian depression	53
	Mud volcanism	55
	Hydrogeological conditions	58
	Underground discharge to Caspian Sea	69
Chapter 3	Mass of subsurface waters of the Caspian depression sedimentary cover	72
	Chemically connected water	73
	Free and physically connected waters	76
	Ratio of masses of water and rocks	81
Chapter 4	Balance of subsurface waters of the Caspian depression	83
	The free and physically connected waters of Northern and Average Caspian Sea	83
	The free and physically connected waters of Southern Caspian Sea	85
	Complete balance of the free and physically connected waters	91
	Separation of chemically connected waters	96
Chapter 5	Masses and mass fluxes of macro components	100
	Composition of sedimentary waters	101
	Mass fluxes of macro components	105
Chapter 6	Discharge of sedimentary waters	113
	Features of discharge	113
	Influence on fluctuation of Caspian Sea level	120
	The basic mass fluxes of geofluids	128
	Conclusion	131
	Bibliography	133

Zverev V.P., Kostikova I. A.

Sedimentary waters of the Caspian Depression (masses and fluxes)

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